What materials can cause silica exposure on construction sites?

Silica exposure on construction sites is primarily a concern due to materials that contain crystalline silica, which is a natural mineral found in various types of stone, concrete, and masonry. When these materials are worked on—such as through cutting, grinding, or drilling—they generate dust that can become airborne and inhaled by workers, leading to serious health risks, including lung diseases like silicosis and lung cancer.

Concrete, masonry, and stone dust are specifically recognized for their high silica content and represent significant sources of exposure in construction activities. For example, the cutting of concrete slabs or the demolition of brick walls can release harmful silica dust into the air, thereby endangering construction workers if appropriate safety measures are not taken.

The other materials listed do not contribute to silica exposure in the same way. Metal and wood dust may present other health risks but do not contain crystalline silica. Pesticides and fertilizers pose different types of hazards related to chemical exposure rather than silica. Similarly, plastic and rubber do not release silica dust as they are not made from materials that contain crystalline silica. Thus, the correct answer reflects the specific materials most commonly associated with silica exposure in the construction environment.